The Area 4.2 Cognitive Production Systems deals with the central question of upgrading production systems, designing structures for information processing in terms of cognitive skills, as well as the deduction of new business models enabled by the approach of cognitive factories. Area 4.2 will strongly interact with the other areas and should finally demonstrate the performance potential of next generation production systems by means of pilot factories (i) for continuous production processes like polymer extrusion and compounding at living labs at JKU Linz and (ii) for batch production like machining at smartfactory at TU Graz.